MDR & XDR TB

Efficacy enhancement for existing drugs

Rifampicin-based medication with prolonged activity for treatment of drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis has been disclosed by Severin, E. S et al[1].  It  represents stable nanoparticles and contains rifampicin, biodegradable polymer of lactic acid or copolymer of lactic and glycolic acid, as well as surface active substance, cryoprotector, components in medication being in specified ratio in wt %.  The proposed treatment method ensures reduction of risk of toxic effects and prolonged action.

Evglevskii, A. A. et al.[2] have disclosed a method for increasing the activity of streptomycin antibiotic against streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.  The method involves streptomycin polymn. and detoxication by treating streptomycin with 0.15+0.05% formalin (formaldehyde) soln. at 40.0+2.0^oC for 5-7 days.  The streptomycin treatment allows to decrease formalin concns. in lyophilized antibiotic formulations to 0.01% without changing the antibiotic concn.  The treated streptomycin has increased effectiveness in treatment of tuberculosis caused by streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.  The treated streptomycin was tested in patients with tuberculosis of different forms and durations.  [Also see RU2426790  (C1) ― 2011-08-20].  A similar method allows toxicity reduction of kanamycin, improves antibacterial activity and stability to enzymatic action of microorganism. The method improves therapeutic efficacy of kanamycin with respect to tuberculosis mycobacteria [RU2426789  (C1) ― 2011-08-20].

A pharmaceutical composition is claimed in a Russian patent application[3].  Said composition contains active substance in the following ratio (wt %) : sodium p-aminosalicylate - 36.8%-90.41%; isoniazide - 1.08%-3.38%; pyridoxine hydrochloride - 0.007%-3.30%.  The composition has prolonged duration of action with high concn. of active medications in blood serum, makes it possible to prevent formation of drug resistance of mycobacteria to isoniazide, as well as reduces side effects of isoniazide on central nervous system.

Gupta Shashank et al.[4] have claimed pharmaceutical composition containing calcium channel blockers.   Treatment of M. tb infected mice with conventional anti-TB drugs supplemented with a conventional calcium channel blockers such as amlodipine, S-amlodipine and nifedipine mediates a reduction in bacterial loads that is significantly better than drug treatment alone.  These calcium channel blockers effectively kill single, multiple and extensively drug resistant strains of M. tb.


Key Words:  multidrug resistant tuberculosis, extensively drug resistant tuberculosis, multidrug resistant TB,  extensively drug resistant TB, MDR TB, XDR TB, mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterial infection, literature, research, publications, patents.

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[1] Rifampicin-based medication with prolonged activity for treatment of drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis.  Severin, E. S. et al., (ANO "Institut Molekulyarnoi Diagnostiki", Russia).  Russ. RU 2418585 C1 20 May 2011, 9pp.  (Russian).

[2] Evglevskii, A. A. et al., (FGOU VPO Kurskaya Gos. Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya Akad. im. Professora I. I. Ivanova;  GOU VPO Kurskii Gosudarstvennyi Meditsinskii Universitet Roszdrava, Russia).  Russ. RU 2405834 C1 10 Dec 2010, 4pp.  (Russian).

[3] Puniya et al., RU 2422145 C2 27 Jun 2011, 9pp.  (Russian).

[4] Gupta, Shashank et al., (International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, India).  PCT Int. Appl. WO 2010026602 A2 11 Mar 2010.